Factory survey reveals concentrated output and growth in manufacturing productivity

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation released detailed Annual Survey of Industries publications for financial year 2024–25 on 4 November 2026. Volume I, Summary Results for the Factory Sector and unit-level data expand on a factsheet released on 30 September 2026. The survey covered the reference period from April 2024 to March 2025, with fieldwork during October 2025 to June 2026. Its findings show substantial concentration: factories producing at least Rs 500 crore annually represented 3.6% of operating units but accounted for 62.1% of gross output. Their employment share was 30.7%, illustrating why output and employment shares must be examined separately.

Facts to remember

• Corporate manufacturing gross value added grew 9.28% over the previous year.
• Gross value added per person engaged increased 2.25%; net value added per operating factory increased 6.59%.
• Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh together accounted for more than 54% of manufacturing gross value added.
• Food products, textiles, basic metals, motor vehicles and wearing apparel together contributed more than 41% of manufacturing employment covered by the survey.

Background

The Annual Survey of Industries examines changes in the size, composition and structure of organised manufacturing. Its data cover production, employment, capital and related industrial characteristics, supplying inputs for national and state accounts. The survey operates under the Collection of Statistics Act, 2008, as amended in 2017. Industrial statistics and labour statistics involve specialised processing responsibilities. For interpreting this release, distinguish the financial year being measured from the later fieldwork and publication dates. Also keep the corporate manufacturing segment distinct from the entire surveyed factory sector when comparing growth figures.

Why it matters for exams

For CLAT and UGC-NET Law, revise Economy, industrial statistics and the statutory basis for official data collection. Questions may test the difference between a factory’s output share, employment share and productivity measure.