Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023

Contents

Chapter I — Preliminary

• Section 1 – Short title, extent and commencement
• Section 2 – Definitions
• Section 3 – Construction of references
• Section 4 – Trial of offences under Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and other laws
• Section 5 – Saving

Chapter II — Constitution of Criminal Courts and Offices

• Section 6 – Classes of Criminal Courts
• Section 7 – Territorial divisions
• Section 8 – Court of Session
• Section 9 – Courts of Judicial Magistrates
• Section 10 – Chief Judicial Magistrate and Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, etc.
• Section 11 – Special Judicial Magistrates
• Section 12 – Local jurisdiction of Judicial Magistrates
• Section 13 – Subordination of Judicial Magistrates
• Section 14 – Executive Magistrates
• Section 15 – Special Executive Magistrates
• Section 16 – Local Jurisdiction of Executive Magistrates
• Section 17 – Subordination of Executive Magistrates
• Section 18 – Public Prosecutors
• Section 19 – Assistant Public Prosecutors
• Section 20 – Directorate of Prosecution

Chapter III — Power of Courts

• Section 21 – Courts by which offences are triable
• Section 22 – Sentences which High Courts and Sessions Judges may pass
• Section 23 – Sentences which Magistrates may pass
• Section 24 – Sentence of imprisonment in default of fine
• Section 25 – Sentence in cases of conviction of several offences at one trial
• Section 26 – Mode of conferring powers
• Section 27 – Powers of officers appointed
• Section 28 – Withdrawal of powers
• Section 29 – Powers of Judges and Magistrates exercisable by their successors-in- office

Chapter IV — Powers of Superior Officers of Police and Aid to the Magistrates and the Police

• Section 30 – Powers of superior officers of police
• Section 31 – Public when to assist Magistrates and police
• Section 32 – Aid to person, other than police officer, executing warrant
• Section 33 – Public to give information of certain offences
• Section 34 – Duty of officers employed in connection with affairs of a village to make certain report

Chapter V — Arrest of Persons

• Section 35 – When police may arrest without warrant
• Section 36 – Procedure of arrest and duties of officer making arrest
• Section 37 – Designated Police Officer
• Section 38 – Right of arrested person to meet an advocate of his choice during interrogation
• Section 39 – Arrest on refusal to give name and residence
• Section 40 – Arrest by private person and procedure on such arrest
• Section 41 – Arrest by Magistrate
• Section 42 – Protection of members of Armed Forces from arrest
• Section 43 – Arrest how made
• Section 44 – Search of place entered by person sought to be arrested
• Section 45 – Pursuit of offenders into other jurisdictions
• Section 46 – No unnecessary restraint
• Section 47 – Person arrested to be informed of grounds of arrest and of right to bail
• Section 48 – Obligation of person making arrest to inform about arrest, etc., to relative or friend
• Section 49 – Search of arrested person
• Section 50 – Power to seize offensive weapons
• Section 51 – Examination of accused by medical practitioner at request of police officer
• Section 52 – Examination of person accused of rape by medical practitioner
• Section 53 – Examination of arrested person by medical officer
• Section 54 – Identification of person arrested
• Section 55 – Procedure when police officer deputes subordinate to arrest without warrant
• Section 56 – Health and safety of arrested person
• Section 57 – Person arrested to be taken before Magistrate or officer in charge of police station
• Section 58 – Person arrested not to be detained more than twenty-four hours
• Section 59 – Police to report apprehensions
• Section 60 – Discharge of person apprehended
• Section 61 – Power, on escape, to pursue and retake
• Section 62 – Arrest to be made strictly according to Sanhita

Chapter VI — Processes to Compel Appearance

• Section 63 – Form of summons
• Section 64 – Summons how served
• Section 65 – Service of summons on corporate bodies, firms, and societies
• Section 66 – Service when persons summoned cannot be found
• Section 67 – Procedure when service cannot be effected as before provided
• Section 68 – Service on Government servant
• Section 69 – Service of summons outside local limits
• Section 70 – Proof of service in such cases and when serving officer not present
• Section 71 – Service of summons on witness
• Section 72 – Form of warrant of arrest and duration
• Section 73 – Power to direct security to be taken
• Section 74 – Warrants to whom directed
• Section 75 – Warrant may be directed to any person
• Section 76 – Warrant directed to police officer
• Section 77 – Notification of substance of warrant
• Section 78 – Person arrested to be brought before Court without delay
• Section 79 – Where warrant may be executed
• Section 80 – Warrant forwarded for execution outside jurisdiction
• Section 81 – Warrant directed to police officer for execution outside jurisdiction
• Section 82 – Procedure on arrest of person against whom warrant issued
• Section 83 – Procedure by Magistrate before whom such person arrested is brought
• Section 84 – Proclamation for person absconding
• Section 85 – Attachment of property of person absconding
• Section 86 – Identification and attachment of property of proclaimed person
• Section 87 – Claims and objections to attachment
• Section 88 – Release, sale and restoration of attached property
• Section 89 – Appeal from order rejecting application for restoration of attached property
• Section 90 – Issue of warrant in lieu of, or in addition to, summons
• Section 91 – Power to take bond or bail bond for appearance
• Section 92 – Arrest on breach of bond or bail bond for appearance
• Section 93 – Provisions of this Chapter generally applicable to summons and warrants of arrest

Chapter VII — Processes to Compel the Production of Things

• Section 94 – Summons to produce document or other thing
• Section 95 – Procedure as to letters
• Section 96 – When search-warrant may be issued
• Section 97 – Search of place suspected to contain stolen property, forged documents, etc
• Section 98 – Power to declare certain publications forfeited and to issue search- warrants for same
• Section 99 – Application to High Court to set aside declaration of forfeiture
• Section 100 – Search for persons wrongfully confined
• Section 101 – Power to compel restoration of abducted females
• Section 102 – Direction, etc., of search-warrants
• Section 103 – Persons in charge of closed place to allow search
• Section 104 – Disposal of things found in search beyond jurisdiction
• Section 105 – Recording of search and seizure through audio-video electronic means
• Section 106 – Power of police officer to seize certain property
• Section 107 – Attachment, forfeiture or restoration of property
• Section 108 – Magistrate may direct search in his presence
• Section 109 – Power to impound document, etc., produced
• Section 110 – Reciprocal arrangements regarding processes

Chapter VIII — Reciprocal Arrangements for Assistance in Certain Matters and Procedure for Attachment and Forfeiture of Property

• Section 111 – Definitions
• Section 112 – Letter of request to competent authority for investigation in a country or place outside India
• Section 113 – Letter of request from a country or place outside India to a Court or an authority for investigation in India
• Section 114 – Assistance in securing transfer of persons
• Section 115 – Assistance in relation to orders of attachment or forfeiture of property
• Section 116 – Identifying unlawfully acquired property
• Section 117 – Seizure or attachment of property
• Section 118 – Management of properties seized or forfeited under this Chapter
• Section 119 – Notice of forfeiture of property
• Section 120 – Forfeiture of property in certain cases
• Section 121 – Fine in lieu of forfeiture
• Section 122 – Certain transfers to be null and void
• Section 123 – Procedure in respect of letter of request
• Section 124 – Application of this Chapter

Chapter IX — Security for Keeping the Peace and for Good Behaviour

• Section 125 – Security for keeping peace on conviction
• Section 126 – Security for keeping peace in other cases
• Section 127 – Security for good behaviour from persons disseminating certain matters
• Section 128 – Security for good behaviour from suspected persons
• Section 129 – Security for good behaviour from habitual offenders
• Section 130 – Order to be made
• Section 131 – Procedure in respect of person present in Court
• Section 132 – Summons or warrant in case of person not so present
• Section 133 – Copy of order to accompany summons or warrant
• Section 134 – Power to dispense with personal attendance
• Section 135 – Inquiry as to truth of information
• Section 136 – Order to give security
• Section 137 – Discharge of person informed against
• Section 138 – Commencement of period for which security is required
• Section 139 – Contents of bond
• Section 140 – Power to reject sureties
• Section 141 – Imprisonment in default of security
• Section 142 – Power to release persons imprisoned for failing to give security
• Section 143 – Security for unexpired period of bond

Chapter X — Order for Maintenance of Wives, Children and Parents

• Section 144 – Order for maintenance of wives, children and parents
• Section 145 – Procedure
• Section 146 – Alteration in allowance
• Section 147 – Enforcement of order of maintenance

Chapter XI — Maintenance of Public Order and Tranquillity

• Section 148 – Dispersal of assembly by use of civil force
• Section 149 – Use of armed forces to disperse assembly
• Section 150 – Power of certain armed force officers to disperse assembly
• Section 151 – Protection against prosecution for acts done under Sections 148, 149 and 150
• Section 152 – Conditional order for removal of nuisance
• Section 153 – Service or notification of order
• Section 154 – Person to whom order is addressed to obey or show cause
• Section 155 – Penalty for failure to comply with Section 154
• Section 156 – Procedure where existence of public right is denied
• Section 157 – Procedure where person against whom order is made under Section 152 appears to show cause
• Section 158 – Power of Magistrate to direct local investigation and examination of an expert
• Section 159 – Power of Magistrate to furnish written instructions, etc
• Section 160 – Procedure on order being made absolute and consequences of disobedience
• Section 161 – Injunction pending inquiry
• Section 162 – Magistrate may prohibit repetition or continuance of public nuisance
• Section 163 – Power to issue order in urgent cases of nuisance or apprehended danger
• Section 164 – Procedure where dispute concerning land or water is likely to cause breach of peace
• Section 165 – Power to attach subject of dispute and to appoint receiver
• Section 166 – Dispute concerning right of use of land or water
• Section 167 – Local inquiry

Chapter XII — Preventive Action of the Police

• Section 168 – Police to prevent cognizable offences
• Section 169 – Information of design to commit cognizable offences
• Section 170 – Arrest to prevent commission of cognizable offences
• Section 171 – Prevention of injury to public property
• Section 172 – Persons bound to conform to lawful directions of police

Chapter XIII — Information to the Police and Their Powers to Investigate

• Section 173 – Information in cognizable cases
• Section 174 – Information as to non-cognizable cases and investigation of such cases
• Section 175 – Police officer’s power to investigate cognizable case
• Section 176 – Procedure for investigation
• Section 177 – Report how submitted
• Section 178 – Power to hold investigation or preliminary inquiry
• Section 179 – Police officer’s power to require attendance of witnesses
• Section 180 – Examination of witnesses by police
• Section 181 – Statements to police and use thereof
• Section 182 – No inducement to be offered
• Section 183 – Recording of confessions and statements
• Section 184 – Medical examination of victim of rape
• Section 185 – Search by police officer
• Section 186 – When officer in charge of police station may require another to issue search-warrant
• Section 187 – Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in twenty-four hours
• Section 188 – Report of investigation by subordinate police officer
• Section 189 – Release of accused when evidence deficient
• Section 190 – Cases to be sent to Magistrate, when evidence is sufficient
• Section 191 – Complainant and witnesses not to be required to accompany police officer and not to be subject to restraint
• Section 192 – Diary of proceedings in investigation
• Section 193 – Report of police officer on completion of investigation
• Section 194 – Police to enquire and report on suicide, etc
• Section 195 – Power to summon persons
• Section 196 – Inquiry by Magistrate into cause of death

Chapter XIV — Jurisdiction of the Criminal Courts in Inquiries and Trials

• Section 197 – Ordinary place of inquiry and trial
• Section 198 – Place of inquiry or trial
• Section 199 – Offence triable where act is done or consequence ensues
• Section 200 – Place of trial where act is an offence by reason of relation to other offence
• Section 201 – Place of trial in case of certain offences
• Section 202 – Offences committed by means of electronic communications, letters, etc
• Section 203 – Offence committed on journey or voyage
• Section 204 – Place of trial for offences triable together
• Section 205 – Power to order cases to be tried in different sessions divisions
• Section 206 – High Court to decide, in case of doubt, district where inquiry or trial shall take place
• Section 207 – Power to issue summons or warrant for offence committed beyond local jurisdiction
• Section 208 – Offence committed outside India
• Section 209 – Receipt of evidence relating to offences committed outside India

Chapter XV — Conditions Requisite for Initiation of Proceedings

• Section 210 – Cognizance of offences by Magistrate
• Section 211 – Transfer on application of accused
• Section 212 – Making over of cases to Magistrates
• Section 213 – Cognizance of offences by Court of Session
• Section 214 – Additional Sessions Judges to try cases made over to them
• Section 215 – Prosecution for contempt of lawful authority of public servants, for offences against public justice and for offences relating to documents given in evidence
• Section 216 – Procedure for witnesses in case of threatening, etc
• Section 217 – Prosecution for offences against State and for criminal conspiracy to commit such offence
• Section 218 – Prosecution of Judges and public servants
• Section 219 – Prosecution for offences against marriage
• Section 220 – Prosecution of offences under Section 85 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
• Section 221 – Cognizance of offence
• Section 222 – Prosecution for defamation

Chapter XVI — Complaints to Magistrates

• Section 223 – Examination of complainant
• Section 224 – Procedure by Magistrate not competent to take cognizance of case
• Section 225 – Postponement of issue of process
• Section 226 – Dismissal of complaint

Chapter XVII — Commencement of Proceedings Before Magistrates

• Section 227 – Issue of process
• Section 228 – Magistrate may dispense with personal attendance of accused
• Section 229 – Special summons in cases of petty offence
• Section 230 – Supply to accused of copy of police report and other documents
• Section 231 – Supply of copies of statements and documents to accused in other cases triable by Court of Session
• Section 232 – Commitment of case to Court of Session when offence is triable exclusively by it
• Section 233 – Procedure to be followed when there is a complaint case and police investigation in respect of the same offence

Chapter XVIII — The Charge

• Section 234 – Contents of charge
• Section 235 – Particulars as to time, place and person
• Section 236 – When manner of committing offence must be stated
• Section 237 – Words in charge taken in sense of law under which offence is punishable
• Section 238 – Effect of errors
• Section 239 – Court may alter charge
• Section 240 – Recall of witnesses when charge altered
• Section 241 – Separate charges for distinct offences
• Section 242 – Offences of same kind within year may be charged together
• Section 243 – Trial for more than one offence
• Section 244 – Where it is doubtful what offence has been committed
• Section 245 – When offence proved included in offence charged
• Section 246 – What persons may be charged jointly
• Section 247 – Withdrawal of remaining charges on conviction on one of several charges

Chapter XIX — Trial Before a Court of Session

• Section 248 – Trial to be conducted by Public Prosecutor
• Section 249 – Opening case for prosecution
• Section 250 – Discharge
• Section 251 – Framing of charge
• Section 252 – Conviction on plea of guilty
• Section 253 – Date for prosecution evidence
• Section 254 – Evidence for prosecution
• Section 255 – Acquittal
• Section 256 – Entering upon defence
• Section 257 – Arguments
• Section 258 – Judgment of acquittal or conviction
• Section 259 – Previous conviction
• Section 260 – Procedure in cases instituted under sub-section (2) of Section 222

Chapter XX — Trial of Warrant-Cases by Magistrates

• Section 261 – Compliance with Section 230
• Section 262 – When accused shall be discharged
• Section 263 – Framing of charge
• Section 264 – Conviction on plea of guilty
• Section 265 – Evidence for prosecution
• Section 266 – Evidence for defence
• Section 267 – Evidence for prosecution
• Section 268 – When accused shall be discharged
• Section 269 – Procedure where accused is not discharged
• Section 270 – Evidence for defence
• Section 271 – Acquittal or conviction
• Section 272 – Absence of complainant
• Section 273 – Compensation for accusation without reasonable cause

Chapter XXI — Trial of Summons-Cases by Magistrates

• Section 274 – Substance of accusation to be stated
• Section 275 – Conviction on plea of guilty
• Section 276 – Conviction on plea of guilty in absence of accused in petty cases
• Section 277 – Procedure when not convicted
• Section 278 – Acquittal or conviction
• Section 279 – Non-appearance or death of complainant
• Section 280 – Withdrawal of complaint
• Section 281 – Power to stop proceedings in certain cases
• Section 282 – Power of Court to convert summons-cases into warrant-cases

Chapter XXII — Summary Trials

• Section 283 – Power to try summarily
• Section 284 – Summary trial by Magistrate of second class
• Section 285 – Procedure for summary trials
• Section 286 – Record in summary trials
• Section 287 – Judgment in cases tried summarily
• Section 288 – Language of record and judgment

Chapter XXIII — Plea Bargaining

• Section 289 – Application of Chapter
• Section 290 – Application for plea bargaining
• Section 291 – Guidelines for mutually satisfactory disposition
• Section 292 – Report of mutually satisfactory disposition to be submitted before Court
• Section 293 – Disposal of case
• Section 294 – Judgment of Court
• Section 295 – Finality of judgment
• Section 296 – Power of Court in plea bargaining
• Section 297 – Period of detention undergone by accused to be set off against sentence of imprisonment
• Section 298 – Savings
• Section 299 – Statements of accused not to be used
• Section 300 – Non-application of Chapter

Chapter XXIV — Attendance of Persons Confined or Detained in Prisons

• Section 301 – Definitions
• Section 302 – Power to require attendance of prisoners
• Section 303 – Power of State Government or Central Government to exclude certain persons from operation of Section 302
• Section 304 – Officer in charge of prison to abstain from carrying out order in certain contingencies
• Section 305 – Prisoner to be brought to Court in custody
• Section 306 – Power to issue commission for examination of witness in prison

Chapter XXV — Evidence in Inquiries and Trials

• Section 307 – Language of Courts
• Section 308 – Evidence to be taken in presence of accused
• Section 309 – Record in summons-cases and inquiries
• Section 310 – Record in warrant-cases
• Section 311 – Record in trial before Court of Session
• Section 312 – Language of record of evidence
• Section 313 – Procedure in regard to such evidence when completed
• Section 314 – Interpretation of evidence to accused or his advocate
• Section 315 – Remarks respecting demeanour of witness
• Section 316 – Record of examination of accused
• Section 317 – Interpreter to be bound to interpret truthfully
• Section 318 – Record in High Court
• Section 319 – When attendance of witness may be dispensed with and commission issued
• Section 320 – Commission to whom to be issued
• Section 321 – Execution of commissions
• Section 322 – Parties may examine witnesses
• Section 323 – Return of commission
• Section 324 – Adjournment of proceeding
• Section 325 – Execution of foreign commissions
• Section 326 – Deposition of medical witness
• Section 327 – Identification report of Magistrate
• Section 328 – Evidence of officers of Mint
• Section 329 – Reports of certain Government scientific experts
• Section 330 – No formal proof of certain documents
• Section 331 – Affidavit in proof of conduct of public servants
• Section 332 – Evidence of formal character on affidavit
• Section 333 – Authorities before whom affidavits may be sworn
• Section 334 – Previous conviction or acquittal how proved
• Section 335 – Record of evidence in absence of accused
• Section 336 – Evidence of public servants, experts, police officers in certain cases

Chapter XXVI — General Provisions as to Inquiries and Trials

• Section 337 – Person once convicted or acquitted not to be tried for same offence
• Section 338 – Appearance by Public Prosecutors
• Section 339 – Permission to conduct prosecution
• Section 340 – Right of person against whom proceedings are instituted to be defended
• Section 341 – Legal aid to accused at State expense in certain cases
• Section 342 – Procedure when corporation or registered society is an accused
• Section 343 – Tender of pardon to accomplice
• Section 344 – Power to direct tender of pardon
• Section 345 – Trial of person not complying with conditions of pardon
• Section 346 – Power to postpone or adjourn proceedings
• Section 347 – Local inspection
• Section 348 – Power to summon material witness, or examine person present
• Section 349 – Power of Magistrate to order person to give specimen signatures or handwriting etc
• Section 350 – Expenses of complainants and witnesses
• Section 351 – Power to examine accused
• Section 352 – Oral arguments and memorandum of arguments
• Section 353 – Accused person to be competent witness
• Section 354 – No influence to be used to induce disclosure
• Section 355 – Provision for inquiries and trial being held in absence of accused in certain cases
• Section 356 – Inquiry, trial or judgment in absentia of proclaimed offender
• Section 357 – Procedure where accused does not understand proceedings
• Section 358 – Power to proceed against other persons appearing to be guilty of offence
• Section 359 – Compounding of offences
• Section 360 – Withdrawal from prosecution
• Section 361 – Procedure in cases which Magistrate cannot dispose of
• Section 362 – Procedure when after commencement of inquiry or trial, Magistrate finds case should be committed
• Section 363 – Trial of persons previously convicted of offences against coinage, stamp-law or property
• Section 364 – Procedure when Magistrate cannot pass sentence sufficiently severe
• Section 365 – Conviction or commitment on evidence partly recorded by one Magistrate and partly by another
• Section 366 – Court to be open

Chapter XXVII — Provisions as to Accused Persons of Unsound Mind

• Section 367 – Procedure in case of accused being person of unsound mind
• Section 368 – Procedure in case of person of unsound mind tried before Court
• Section 369 – Release of person of unsound mind pending investigation or trial
• Section 370 – Resumption of inquiry or trial
• Section 371 – Procedure on accused appearing before Magistrate or Court
• Section 372 – When accused appears to have been of sound mind
• Section 373 – Judgment of acquittal on ground of unsoundness of mind
• Section 374 – Person acquitted on ground of unsoundness of mind to be detained in safe custody
• Section 375 – Power of State Government to empower officer-in-charge to discharge
• Section 376 – Procedure where prisoner of unsound mind is reported capable of making his defence
• Section 377 – Procedure where person of unsound mind detained is declared fit to be released
• Section 378 – Delivery of person of unsound mind to care of relative or friend

Chapter XXVIII — Provisions as to Offences Affecting the Administration of Justice

• Section 379 – Procedure in cases mentioned in Section 215
• Section 380 – Appeal
• Section 381 – Power to order costs
• Section 382 – Procedure of Magistrate taking cognizance
• Section 383 – Summary procedure for trial for giving false evidence
• Section 384 – Procedure in certain cases of contempt
• Section 385 – Procedure where Court considers that case should not be dealt with under Section 384
• Section 386 – When Registrar or Sub-Registrar to be deemed a Civil Court
• Section 387 – Discharge of offender on submission of apology
• Section 388 – Imprisonment or committal of person refusing to answer or produce document
• Section 389 – Summary procedure for punishment for non-attendance by a witness in obedience to summons
• Section 390 – Appeals from convictions under Sections 383, 384, 388 and 389
• Section 391 – Certain Judges and Magistrates not to try certain offences when committed before themselves

Chapter XXIX — The Judgment

• Section 392 – Judgment
• Section 393 – Language and contents of judgment
• Section 394 – Order for notifying address of previously convicted offender
• Section 395 – Order to pay compensation
• Section 396 – Victim compensation scheme
• Section 397 – Treatment of victims
• Section 398 – Witness protection scheme
• Section 399 – Compensation to persons groundlessly arrested
• Section 400 – Order to pay costs in non-cognizable cases
• Section 401 – Order to release on probation of good conduct or after admonition
• Section 402 – Special reasons to be recorded in certain cases
• Section 403 – Court not to alter judgment
• Section 404 – Copy of judgment to be given to accused and other persons
• Section 405 – Judgment when to be translated
• Section 406 – Court of Session to send copy of finding and sentence to District Magistrate

Chapter XXX — Submission of Death Sentences for Confirmation

• Section 407 – Sentence of death to be submitted by Court of Session for confirmation
• Section 408 – Power to direct further inquiry to be made or additional evidence to be taken
• Section 409 – Power of High Court to confirm sentence or annul conviction
• Section 410 – Confirmation or new sentence to be signed by two Judges
• Section 411 – Procedure in case of difference of opinion
• Section 412 – Procedure in cases submitted to High Court for confirmation

Chapter XXXI — Appeals

• Section 413 – No appeal to lie unless otherwise provided
• Section 414 – Appeal from orders requiring security or refusal to accept or rejecting surety for keeping peace or good behaviour
• Section 415 – Appeals from convictions
• Section 416 – No appeal in certain cases when accused pleads guilty
• Section 417 – No appeal in petty cases
• Section 418 – Appeal by State Government against sentence
• Section 419 – Appeal in case of acquittal
• Section 420 – Appeal against conviction by High Court in certain cases
• Section 421 – Special right of appeal in certain cases
• Section 422 – Appeal to Court of Session how heard
• Section 423 – Petition of appeal
• Section 424 – Procedure when appellant in jail
• Section 425 – Summary dismissal of appeal
• Section 426 – Procedure for hearing appeals not dismissed summarily
• Section 427 – Powers of Appellate Court
• Section 428 – Judgments of subordinate Appellate Court
• Section 429 – Order of High Court on appeal to be certified to lower Court
• Section 430 – Suspension of sentence pending the appeal; release of appellant on bail
• Section 431 – Arrest of accused in appeal from acquittal
• Section 432 – Appellate Court may take further evidence or direct it to be taken
• Section 433 – Procedure where Judges of Court of Appeal are equally divided
• Section 434 – Finality of judgments and orders on appeal
• Section 435 – Abatement of appeals

Chapter XXXII — Reference and Revision

• Section 436 – Reference to High Court
• Section 437 – Disposal of case according to decision of High Court
• Section 438 – Calling for records to exercise powers of revision
• Section 439 – Power to order inquiry
• Section 440 – Sessions Judge’s powers of revision
• Section 441 – Power of Additional Sessions Judge
• Section 442 – High Court’s powers of revision
• Section 443 – Power of High Court to withdraw or transfer revision cases
• Section 444 – Option of Court to hear parties
• Section 445 – High Court’s order to be certified to lower Court

Chapter XXXIII — Transfer of Criminal Cases

• Section 446 – Power of Supreme Court to transfer cases and appeals
• Section 447 – Power of High Court to transfer cases and appeals
• Section 448 – Power of Sessions Judge to transfer cases and appeals
• Section 449 – Withdrawal of cases and appeals by Sessions Judges
• Section 450 – Withdrawal of cases by Judicial Magistrates
• Section 451 – Making over or withdrawal of cases by Executive Magistrates
• Section 452 – Reasons to be recorded

Chapter XXXIV — Execution, Suspension, Remission and Commutation of Sentences

• Section 453 – Execution of order passed under Section 409
• Section 454 – Execution of sentence of death passed by High Court
• Section 455 – Postponement of execution of sentence of death in case of appeal to Supreme Court
• Section 456 – Commutation of sentence of death on pregnant woman
• Section 457 – Power to appoint place of imprisonment
• Section 458 – Execution of sentence of imprisonment
• Section 459 – Direction of warrant for execution
• Section 460 – Warrant with whom to be lodged
• Section 461 – Warrant for levy of fine
• Section 462 – Effect of such warrant
• Section 463 – Warrant for levy of fine issued by a Court in any territory to which this Sanhita does not extend
• Section 464 – Suspension of execution of sentence of imprisonment
• Section 465 – Who may issue warrant
• Section 466 – Sentence on escaped convict when to take effect
• Section 467 – Sentence on offender already sentenced for another offence
• Section 468 – Period of detention undergone by accused to be set off against sentence of imprisonment
• Section 469 – Saving
• Section 470 – Return of warrant on execution of sentence
• Section 471 – Money ordered to be paid recoverable as a fine
• Section 472 – Mercy petition in death sentence cases
• Section 473 – Power to suspend or remit sentences
• Section 474 – Power to commute sentence
• Section 475 – Restriction on powers of remission or commutation in certain cases
• Section 476 – Concurrent power of Central Government in case of death sentences
• Section 477 – State Government to act after concurrence with Central Government in certain cases

Chapter XXXV — Provisions as to Bail and Bonds

• Section 478 – In what cases bail to be taken
• Section 479 – Maximum period for which undertrial prisoner can be detained
• Section 480 – When bail may be taken in case of non-bailable offence
• Section 481 – Bail to require accused to appear before next Appellate Court
• Section 482 – Direction for grant of bail to person apprehending arrest
• Section 483 – Special powers of High Court or Court of Session regarding bail
• Section 484 – Amount of bond and reduction thereof
• Section 485 – Bond of accused and sureties
• Section 486 – Declaration by sureties
• Section 487 – Discharge from custody
• Section 488 – Power to order sufficient bail when that first taken is insufficient
• Section 489 – Discharge of sureties
• Section 490 – Deposit instead of recognizance
• Section 491 – Procedure when bond has been forfeited
• Section 492 – Cancellation of bond and bail bond
• Section 493 – Procedure in case of insolvency or death of surety or when a bond is forfeited
• Section 494 – Bond required from child
• Section 495 – Appeal from orders under Section 491
• Section 496 – Power to direct levy of amount due on certain recognizances

Chapter XXXVI — Disposal of Property

• Section 497 – Order for custody and disposal of property pending trial in certain cases
• Section 498 – Order for disposal of property at conclusion of trial
• Section 499 – Payment to innocent purchaser of money found on accused
• Section 500 – Appeal against orders under Section 498 or Section 499
• Section 501 – Destruction of libellous and other matter
• Section 502 – Power to restore possession of immovable property
• Section 503 – Procedure by police upon seizure of property
• Section 504 – Procedure where no claimant appears within six months
• Section 505 – Power to sell perishable property

Chapter XXXVII — Irregular Proceedings

• Section 506 – Irregularities which do not vitiate proceedings
• Section 507 – Irregularities which vitiate proceedings
• Section 508 – Proceedings in wrong place
• Section 509 – Non-compliance with provisions of Section 183 or Section 316
• Section 510 – Effect of omission to frame, or absence of, or error in, charge
• Section 511 – Finding or sentence when reversible by reason of error, omission or irregularity
• Section 512 – Defect or error not to make attachment unlawful

Chapter XXXVIII — Limitation for Taking Cognizance of Certain Offences

• Section 513 – Definitions
• Section 514 – Bar to taking cognizance after lapse of period of limitation
• Section 515 – Commencement of period of limitation
• Section 516 – Exclusion of time in certain cases
• Section 517 – Exclusion of date on which Court is closed
• Section 518 – Continuing offence
• Section 519 – Extension of period of limitation in certain cases

Chapter XXXIX — Miscellaneous

• Section 520 – Trials before High Courts
• Section 521 – Delivery to commanding officers of persons liable to be tried by Court- martial
• Section 522 – Forms
• Section 523 – Power of High Court to make rules
• Section 524 – Power to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate in certain cases
• Section 525 – Cases in which Judge or Magistrate is personally interested
• Section 526 – Practising advocate not to sit as Magistrate in certain Courts
• Section 527 – Public servant concerned in sale not to purchase or bid for property
• Section 528 – Saving of inherent powers of High Court
• Section 529 – Duty of High Court to exercise continuous superintendence over Courts
• Section 530 – Trial and proceedings to be held in electronic mode
• Section 531 – Repeal and savings